What is the ruling on one who breaks his fast in Ramadan based on the adhan of a certain mosque, and then it turns out that this adhan was before the time?

The questioner : We were in the university dormitory on one of the days of Ramadan, and while we were waiting for the adhan to break our fast, one of the mosques called the adhan, so we broke our fast based on it. Then another mosque called the adhan five minutes later, and it turned out that the second mosque was correct in its timing. What is the ruling on our fast?

The Shaykh : Is the questioner present? Where is the questioner? How did it become clear that the second one was the correct one? I mean, did you see the sun after the first adhan? Okay, I will say, let us suppose that after the first adhan, you, the questioner, broke your fast. All right, sit down.
The student: ... .

The Shaykh : Yes, indeed.
The student: ... .

The Shaykh : Then
The student: ... .

The Shaykh : The adhan was not called. May Allah reward you. This is an innovation. He said: "Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah." I think it should be called "Al-Madinah al-Nabawiyyah," because "Al-Madinah al-Nabawiyyah" is more expressive of reverence than "Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah," since every city that Islamic knowledge has entered is illuminated by it. So every land in which the Islamic Shari'ah has settled is illuminated.
But Al-Madinah al-Nabawiyyah cannot be matched by any other city, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) migrated to it, died in it, and was buried in it.
For this reason, it was known by this title among the Salaf of the Ummah from the scholars, and they would call it Al-Madinah al-Nabawiyyah, and this is the best. However, I do not forbid you from saying Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, but I say that the preferred term is Al-Madinah al-Nabawiyyah.
Let us return to the answer regarding the issue. The answer to the issue is that there is no making up of the fast (qada') for those who broke their fast based on the adhan that turned out to be before the time. Do you understand? They do not have to make up the fast. Why? By the evidence of the Book and the Sunnah.
As for the Book, Allah the Exalted said: So Allah said: "You have done it."
And He the Exalted said: . There is no blame on us for what we did by mistake, but what our hearts intended. And these people who broke their fast did not intend to break their fast; the day was still remaining. They only broke their fast based on the assumption that the sun, what? Had set.
As for the evidence from the Sunnah: it is what is established in Sahih al-Bukhari from Asma' bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: . They broke their fast on a cloudy day, and then the sun appeared. So it became clear that they broke their fast, what? Before the sun set. And yet, it is not reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered them to make up the fast. If making up the fast had been obligatory, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would have clarified it and ordered them to do so. And if he had ordered them to do so, it would have been part of the Shari'ah of Allah and would have been preserved until this day. And based on this, whoever eats thinking that the dawn has not appeared, and then it turns out that it has appeared, or thinks that the sun has set, and then it turns out that it has not set, he does not have to, what? Make up the fast.
Okay, if he forgot, he forgot that he was fasting, so he ate or drank.
The student: ... .

The Shaykh : He owes nothing either, and forgetfulness is the brother of ignorance and its companion. So if a person eats or drinks while forgetting that he is fasting, and then he remembers, he owes nothing. But you must know that when he knows that it is daytime, he must abstain, and when he remembers that he is fasting, he must also abstain, even if the mouthful is in his mouth. It is obligatory for him to spit it out. Okay, a man has intercourse during the day of Ramadan, thinking that intercourse does not invalidate the fast unless there is ejaculation, and he did not ejaculate. What do you say?
He owes nothing due to his ignorance of the ruling.
The student: The hadith, if he struggles with her between her thighs.

The Shaykh : No, no, no, he does not struggle with her between her thighs. There is no struggling between her thighs. Struggling is on the battlefield, men.
The student: He owes an expiation.

The Shaykh : He owes an expiation?
The student: Yes.

The Shaykh : And does his fast become invalid or not? His fast becomes invalid. The evidence?
The student: The hadith...

The Shaykh : Okay, it does not contradict.
The student: ... .

The Shaykh : And he was forgetting, meaning he said, "O Messenger of Allah, I forgot and had intercourse."
The student: ... .

The Shaykh : Ignorant.
The student: ... .

The Shaykh : Meaning he said, "I did not know, so I had intercourse?" It is necessary.
The student: ... .

The Shaykh : Rest, brother, the one who said he owes nothing. Where is he? Please. Your evidence?
The student: ... .

The Shaykh : He owes nothing, no making up the fast and no expiation?
The student: ... .

The Shaykh : What is the evidence?
The student: ... .

The Shaykh : Why do you bring an evidence from the Sunnah whose authenticity is doubtful, and leave the evidence from the Qur'an which is certain?
The student:

The Shaykh :. Okay, rest. The correct view is that he does not have to make up the fast and he does not owe an expiation. Do you understand? He does not have to make up the fast and he does not owe an expiation. The evidence is His saying, the Exalted: . So Allah said: Okay.
If someone were to say: It is established in the two Sahihs from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) , expressing surprise at the state of this man. He came frightened, trembling, and panicked, and he did not return except while hoping for what he was asked to give in charity. So he returned to his family with dates. Yes, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) permitted it to him and said, "Feed your family with it." And this man was aware of the ruling. The evidence is his saying: . So he admitted that he was perishing, and this indicates that he knew the ruling. As for the one who is ignorant, he owes nothing. And as for what our brother pointed to in his saying, "If he sits between her four thighs and then struggles with her," the correct expression is , which is an euphemism for intercourse. So the full ritual bath (ghusl) became obligatory. And in a wording in Muslim: , so this is evidence that intercourse obligates the full ritual bath, whether there is ejaculation or not, because the full ritual bath is obligatory either by ejaculation alone, or by intercourse alone, or by both together. And this is hidden from many young men who get married, thinking that they do not have to perform the full ritual bath except for intercourse with ejaculation. And this is ignorance. Intercourse alone obligates the full ritual bath for the man and the woman, and ejaculation alone obligates the full ritual bath for the one who ejaculated, and intercourse with ejaculation obligates the full ritual bath a fortiori.
Okay, so the ignorant person, even regarding intercourse, does not have to make up the fast and does not owe an expiation.