Explanation of the author's statement: And that no one who pledged allegiance under the tree will enter the Fire, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) informed us, rather, Allah was pleased with them and they were pleased with Him
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The Shaykh :"And that" means that the people of the Sunnah and the community "believe that no one who pledged allegiance under the tree will enter the Fire, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) informed us, rather, Allah was pleased with them and they were pleased with Him, and they were more than one thousand and four hundred". The people of the tree are the people of the Pledge of Pleasure.
The reason for this pledge was that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) left Madinah for Makkah intending to perform the lesser pilgrimage, accompanied by his Companions and the sacrificial animals. They were one thousand and four hundred men, and these four hundred men did not intend anything but the lesser pilgrimage. When they reached al-Hudaybiyah, which is a place partly in the permitted area and partly in the sacred precinct, the polytheists learned of this and prevented the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions, because they claimed to be the people of the House and the guardians of the House.[Al-Anfal 8:34]. [Al-Anfal 8:35]. So they prevented the Prophet and his Companions, though by Allah they were the most deserving of the people of the House of Allah. They prevented them, and negotiations took place between them.
And Allah the Exalted showed of His signs in this expedition what indicates that it was better for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions to make concessions for the good and benefit that would result from it., meaning: it became stubborn and refused to move. - meaning that is not its habit - Sunan Abi Dawud 2765Sahih (Al-Albani) the elephant that Allah Mighty and Majestic restrained from advancing to Makkah to demolish the Ka'bah with it, as Abrahah and his people intended. Then he said: Sahih al-Bukhari 2731, 2732.
Negotiations took place, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Uthman ibn al-Affan, because he had relatives in Makkah who would protect him. He sent him to the people of Makkah to negotiate with them, but the news spread that Uthman had been killed. This was a great burden on the Muslims. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called for a pledge, pledging his Companions to fight the people of Makkah who had killed the Messenger of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Messengers were not to be killed, even among disbelievers, because it is possible for a messenger to be killed, as he is the intermediary between people; if he is killed, affairs are disrupted. So the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) pledged to fight and not flee. They pledged to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he was under a tree, pledging with the people. He would extend his hand and they would pledge to him on this blessed pledge about which Allah said:[Al-Fath 48:10]. And Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) was absent, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) pledged on behalf of Uthman with his hand and said: and he held his hand. So the hand of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was better for Uthman than Uthman's own hand for Uthman, because a man pledged on behalf of the Messenger (may the prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him) with his noble hand. This is among the best of what is best of ranks. In the end, it became clear that Uthman had not been killed; it became clear that Uthman had not been killed. And the messengers began to go and come between the Companions, or between the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and Quraysh, until the matter ended in the known peace that became a clear victory for the Messenger (may the prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him).
About those who pledged, Allah said:[Al-Fath 48:18] of faith, truthfulness, and sincerity [Al-Fath 48:18] and they were reassured by this pledge to which they pledged the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) not to flee to death [Al-Fath 48:18-19]. And that was in the Battle of Khaybar, which was after that. The important thing is that the Messenger, Allah said: [Al-Fath 48:18].
And among those who pledged were Abu Bakr and 'Umar. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) pledged on behalf of Uthman, and 'Ali ibn Abi Talib was among those who pledged. All of them pledged.
So Allah the Exalted described them with faith.[Al-Fath 48:18]. And this is a testimony from Allah Mighty and Majestic that everyone who pledged under the tree is a believer who is pleased with. And the Prophet (may the prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: As-Sunan al-Kubra lil-Nasa'i 65:525. And this is a negation. So the pleasure was established by the Qur'an, and the negation of entering the Fire was established by the Sunnah.
And his saying (may the prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him):As-Sunan al-Kubra lil-Nasa'i 65:525 One might ask: How do we reconcile this with His saying the Exalted: [Maryam 19:71]?
So the reconciliation is from one of two angles:
The first: It can be said that the exegetes differed regarding the meaning of "entering." Some said: It is passing over the Sirat, for this is a type of entering without doubt, because the one who passes over something has entered it, as in His saying the Exalted:[Al-Qasas 28:23] and it is known that he did not descend into the middle of the water. Rather, he was around it and close to it.
And some of the scholars, some of the exegetes, say: The meaning of "entering" is going in. And that no person exists who does not enter the Fire. Based on this opinion, his saying:As-Sunan al-Kubra lil-Nasa'i 65:525 is interpreted as: They will not enter it with an entry of punishment and humiliation. Rather, they will enter it to fulfill the oath [Maryam 19:71].
And his saying: "the tree": This tree was a sidr tree, which had shade, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sat under it to pledge with the people. It existed in the time of the Messenger (may the prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the time of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and the early part of 'Umar's caliphate. "When it was said to him: The people are going to it - meaning: they are visiting it - he (may Allah be pleased with him) ordered it to be cut down and hidden". And this is among the good deeds of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), because we think, and knowledge is with Allah, that if this tree had remained until now, it would have been worshipped besides Allah, because the people are in great ignorance, and we see them now sanctifying trees and graves other than that tree. So how would it be if this tree existed? Each one would say to the other: Come, I will pledge to you on the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Messenger. Go to the tree so that when I pledge to you under the tree, yes, Allah will be pleased with me, so pledge to me and I will pledge to you. And each one of them would make himself a messenger, making himself a messenger to pledge under the tree so that He would be pleased with him and with those who pledged with him. But praise be to Allah, this is among the good deeds of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), and may He reward him well for the Ummah of Muhammad.
He said: "And they were more than one thousand and four hundred". The story of al-Hudaybiyah, in reality, if a person reads history, he will find in it many of the signs of Allah. It and the Battle of Tabuk contain signs in the journey of the Messenger (may the prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him) to them and his return from them. So whoever loves to increase, let him refer to them.
The reason for this pledge was that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) left Madinah for Makkah intending to perform the lesser pilgrimage, accompanied by his Companions and the sacrificial animals. They were one thousand and four hundred men, and these four hundred men did not intend anything but the lesser pilgrimage. When they reached al-Hudaybiyah, which is a place partly in the permitted area and partly in the sacred precinct, the polytheists learned of this and prevented the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions, because they claimed to be the people of the House and the guardians of the House.
and they were not [fit to be] its guardians? Its [true] guardians are not but the righteous
وما كانوا أولياءه إنْ أولياءه إلا المتقونAnd their prayer at the House was not except whistling and handclapping
وماكان صلاتهم عند البيت إلا مكاء وتصديةAnd Allah the Exalted showed of His signs in this expedition what indicates that it was better for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions to make concessions for the good and benefit that would result from it.
For indeed, the she-camel of the Messenger (may the prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him), when they directed it toward Makkah, knelt and refused to move until they said: The Qaswa has become barren
فإن ناقة الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام إذا وجهها إلى مكة بركت وأبت أن تسير حتى قالوا : خلأت القصواءThe Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, defending her: “By Allah, she did not throw off what she threw off, nor was that her nature.”
فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم مدافعاً عنها : والله ما خلعت ما خلأت القصواء وما ذاك لها بخلقbut He Who restrained the elephant has restrained her
ولكن حبسها حابس الفيلBy the Name of Him in Whose Hands my soul is, if they (i.e. the Quraish infidels) ask me anything which will respect the ordinances of Allah, I will grant it to them.
والذي نفسي بيده لا يسألوني خطة يعظمون فيها حرمات الله إلا أجبتهم عليهاNegotiations took place, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Uthman ibn al-Affan, because he had relatives in Makkah who would protect him. He sent him to the people of Makkah to negotiate with them, but the news spread that Uthman had been killed. This was a great burden on the Muslims. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called for a pledge, pledging his Companions to fight the people of Makkah who had killed the Messenger of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Messengers were not to be killed, even among disbelievers, because it is possible for a messenger to be killed, as he is the intermediary between people; if he is killed, affairs are disrupted. So the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) pledged to fight and not flee. They pledged to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he was under a tree, pledging with the people. He would extend his hand and they would pledge to him on this blessed pledge about which Allah said:
Indeed, those who pledge allegiance to you, [O Muhammad] - they are actually pledging allegiance to Allah. The hand of Allah is over their hands.
إن الذين يبايعونك إنما يبايعون الله يد الله فوق أيديهمThis is the hand of Uthman
هذه يد عثمانAbout those who pledged, Allah said:
Certainly was Allah pleased with the believers when they pledged allegiance to you, [O Muhammad], under the tree, and He knew what was in their hearts
لقد رضي الله عن المؤمنين إذ يبايعونك تحت الشجرة فعلم ما في قلوبهمso He sent down tranquillity upon them
فأنزل السكينة عليهمso He sent down tranquillity upon them and rewarded them with an imminent conquest (19) And much war booty which they will take. And ever is Allah Exalted in Might and Wise.
فأنزل السكينة عليهم وأثابهم فتحاً قريباً * ومغانم كثيرة يأخذونها وكان الله عزيزا حكيماًCertainly was Allah pleased with the believers when they pledged allegiance to you, [O Muhammad], under the tree, and He knew what was in their hearts
لقد رضي الله عن المؤمنين إذ يبايعونك تحت الشجرة فعلم ما في قلوبهمAnd among those who pledged were Abu Bakr and 'Umar. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) pledged on behalf of Uthman, and 'Ali ibn Abi Talib was among those who pledged. All of them pledged.
So Allah the Exalted described them with faith.
with the believers when they pledged allegiance to you, [O Muhammad], under the tree
عن المؤمنين إذ يبايعونك تحت الشجرةNo one who pledged under the tree will enter the Fire
لا يدخل النار أحد بايع تحت الشجرةNo one who took the pledge under the tree will enter the Fire.
لا يدخل النارAnd his saying (may the prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him):
No one who pledged under the tree will enter the Fire
لا يدخل النار أحد بايع تحت الشجرةAnd there is none of you except he will come to it. This is upon your Lord an inevitability decreed.
وإن منكم إلا واردها كان على ربك حتما مقضياًSo the reconciliation is from one of two angles:
The first: It can be said that the exegetes differed regarding the meaning of "entering." Some said: It is passing over the Sirat, for this is a type of entering without doubt, because the one who passes over something has entered it, as in His saying the Exalted:
And when he came to the well of Madyan, he found there a crowd of people watering
ولما ورد ماء مدين وجد عليه أمة من الناس يسقونAnd some of the scholars, some of the exegetes, say: The meaning of "entering" is going in. And that no person exists who does not enter the Fire. Based on this opinion, his saying:
No one who pledged under the tree will enter the Fire
لا يدخل النار أحد بايع تحت الشجرةAnd there is none of you except he will come to it. This is upon your Lord an inevitability decreed.
وإن منكم إلا واردها كان على ربك حتما مقضياAnd his saying: "the tree": This tree was a sidr tree, which had shade, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sat under it to pledge with the people. It existed in the time of the Messenger (may the prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the time of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and the early part of 'Umar's caliphate. "When it was said to him: The people are going to it - meaning: they are visiting it - he (may Allah be pleased with him) ordered it to be cut down and hidden". And this is among the good deeds of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), because we think, and knowledge is with Allah, that if this tree had remained until now, it would have been worshipped besides Allah, because the people are in great ignorance, and we see them now sanctifying trees and graves other than that tree. So how would it be if this tree existed? Each one would say to the other: Come, I will pledge to you on the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Messenger. Go to the tree so that when I pledge to you under the tree, yes, Allah will be pleased with me, so pledge to me and I will pledge to you. And each one of them would make himself a messenger, making himself a messenger to pledge under the tree so that He would be pleased with him and with those who pledged with him. But praise be to Allah, this is among the good deeds of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), and may He reward him well for the Ummah of Muhammad.
He said: "And they were more than one thousand and four hundred". The story of al-Hudaybiyah, in reality, if a person reads history, he will find in it many of the signs of Allah. It and the Battle of Tabuk contain signs in the journey of the Messenger (may the prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him) to them and his return from them. So whoever loves to increase, let him refer to them.