Can one who is unable to use water due to severe cold perform tayammum?
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Q: If a person needs to perform ghusl but is unable to use water because of the severe cold and the lack of a means to heat the water, should he perform tayammum for the Fajr prayer? And what is the ruling for one who does so?
A: If he is in a place where he cannot heat the water, or where there is no shelter to perform ghusl with warm water, and he fears for his life, he should pray with tayammum, and there is no blame on him. This is based on the saying of Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) : [al-Taghabun: 16] and the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): Sahih al-Bukhari 7288.
It is established that 'Amr ibn al-'As (may Allah be pleased with him) was in the expedition of Dhat al-Salasil and became in a state of major ritual impurity. It was a very cold night, so he did not perform ghusl; rather, he performed wudu' and tayammum and led the people in prayer. When he returned from the expedition, he asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), saying, "I feared for myself and interpreted the saying of Allah, the Exalted: [al-Nisa': 29]." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled and did not say anything to him, nor did he order him to repeat the prayer. This indicates that it is a valid legal excuse.
A: If he is in a place where he cannot heat the water, or where there is no shelter to perform ghusl with warm water, and he fears for his life, he should pray with tayammum, and there is no blame on him. This is based on the saying of Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) :
So fear Allah as much as you are able
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْAnd if I order you to do something, then do of it as much as you can.
إذا أمرتكم بأمر فأتوا منه ما استطعتمIt is established that 'Amr ibn al-'As (may Allah be pleased with him) was in the expedition of Dhat al-Salasil and became in a state of major ritual impurity. It was a very cold night, so he did not perform ghusl; rather, he performed wudu' and tayammum and led the people in prayer. When he returned from the expedition, he asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), saying, "I feared for myself and interpreted the saying of Allah, the Exalted:
And do not kill yourselves [or one another]. Indeed, Allah is to you ever Merciful.
وَلا تَقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُمْ رَحِيمًا
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.
