The Discussion on the Mark of Jazm for the Five Verbs
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The Shaykh : So, what is the mark of jazm for the five verbs, O Hidayat Allah? What is the mark of jazm for the five verbs?
The student: By dropping the noon.
The Shaykh : By dropping the noon, and for the weak verb with alif?
The student: By dropping the weak letter.
The Shaykh : The weak verb with alif, the weak verb with alif.
The student: By dropping the alif.
The Shaykh : By dropping the alif, correct. The weak verb with ya, O Ahmad, what is the mark of jazm for the weak verb with ya? Hmm, what is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : What does he say?
The student: By dropping the ya.
The Shaykh : By dropping the ya, good. The weak verb with waw.
The student: By dropping the waw.
The Shaykh : By dropping the waw, like the weak verb with alif, yes. Ah.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Glory be to Allah. The weak verb with alif, Sami, "lam yasa'" (he did not run), "lam yasa'" (he did not run), correct. Its original form is "yasu'" (he runs). The alif was dropped when the jazm particle entered. The weak verb with waw.
The student: Allah the Exalted said:.
The Shaykh : Like this, because the lam of command causes jazm. Come on, O Bukhari, we took the alif, we took the waw, the ya, how? "Lam taqum" (you did not stand), no, no, we do not want the weak verb with ya. "Lam yaqdi" (he did not judge), correct. "Lam yaqdi," come on, parse it.
The student: Lam.
The Shaykh : "Lam yasa' al-rajul" (The man did not run).
The student: "Lam yasa'" (He did not run).
The Shaykh : Yes, exactly.
The student: Lam is a particle of negation, reversal, and jazm. "Yasa'" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by dropping the weak letter.
The Shaykh : Incorrect.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Incorrect. "Yasa'" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : A present tense verb, correct, in the state of jazm.
The student: In the state of jazm by dropping the alif.
The Shaykh : What?
The student: By dropping the alif.
The Shaykh : Yes, correct, because you said: dropping the weak letter.
The student: And the fatha before it is evidence for it.
The Shaykh : And the fatha before it is evidence for it. Good. With ya, "lam yaqdi" (he did not judge).
The student: Lam is a particle of negation, jazm, and reversal. "Yaqdi" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam, and the mark of its jazm is dropping the ya, and the fatha before it is evidence for it.
The Shaykh : Good, done. "Lam yaghzi" (he did not raid).
The student: Lam is a particle of negation, jazm, and reversal. "Yaghzi" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm, and the mark of its jazm is dropping the waw.
The Shaykh : Dropping the waw and the damma.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Before it is evidence for it. I tell you, dropping the waw, dropping the alif, because it is more specific. If you say "dropping the weak letter," which of the three letters is the weak letter? Good.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : I consider it an error. I consider it an error. And if I do not say it is an error, it is incomplete. Yes, come on.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, let us take an example.
The student: "Lam yantahi" (he did not stop).
The Shaykh : "Lam yantahi" (he did not stop).
The student: Lam is a particle of reversal, jazm, and negation. A particle of jazm and reversal.
The Shaykh : And negation. You say "lam yantahi" (he did not stop).
The student: "Yantahi" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam. The mark of its jazm is dropping the weak letter.
The Shaykh : How? Dropping the alif?
The student: "Yantahi."
The Shaykh : Dropping the alif.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : You say "lam yantaha" (he did not stop).
The student: "Lam yantahi," dropping the ya.
The Shaykh : Dropping the ya and the kasra.
The student: And the kasra is a mark for it.
The Shaykh : Before it is evidence for it or a mark for it. It does not contradict. Look, now this is a benefit of our saying that you specify. Now, if he said "the weak letter," we do not know if it is an alif or a ya. He might make a mistake. We do not know about him. Yes, this is one of the benefits. Praise be to Allah, from your mistake came a benefit. Good, come on, O brother, "lam yaquma" (they did not stand), "lam yaquma" (they did not stand).
The student: Lam is a particle of negation, jazm, and reversal.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "Yaquma" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam, and the mark of its jazm is dropping the noon from its end, because it is one of the five verbs.
The Shaykh : What do you say? From its end, dropping the noon only, and the alif.
The student: A pronoun built on sukun in the position of nominative as the subject.
The Shaykh : Well done. Good, do you want to take something or not? Yes, you say to the woman: "Lam taqumi" (you did not stand).
The student: Lam is a particle of negation, jazm, and reversal. "Taqumi" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by dropping.
The Shaykh : In the state of jazm by what?
The student: By dropping.
The Shaykh : And what is the tool that put it in the state of jazm?
The student: Lam.
The Shaykh : By lam, and the mark of its jazm.
The student: The mark of its jazm is dropping the noon.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And the ya is the subject.
The Shaykh : And the ya is the subject. Correct. Plural? Good, come on, O [name].
The student: Salah.
The Shaykh : Salah, come on, O Salah. Someone said to you, addressing you: "Lam yad'u" (he did not call).
The student: Error
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Error
The Shaykh : Incorrect. What is the correct form?
The student: "Lam yad'" (he did not call)... He is addressing me.
The Shaykh : Ah.
The student: "Lam tad'" (you did not call).
The Shaykh : No, no, he did not say "tad'" (you call), he said "yad'" (he calls). "Lam yad'u" (he did not call).
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : ... .
The student: A particle of jazm and reversal.
The Shaykh : Wait, first correct my statement or the error. He says: "Lam yad'u" (he did not call).
The student: ... He spoke about the plural.
The Shaykh : There is no [issue], it needs detail. Either divide it or say it is correct.
The student: Here he is speaking about the plural. "Lam yad'u" (he did not call)...
The Shaykh : So, his statement is correct.
The student: I did not understand the question.
The Shaykh : This question: this person told you a story and said: "Lam yad'u" (he did not call), but this word, is this correct or incorrect?
The student: If he intended the plural, it is correct.
The Shaykh : Correct. And if he intended one person.
The student: Then it is incorrect.
The Shaykh : Incorrect, correct, O brothers? Good, this is correct. Good, if he intended one person, what does he say?
The student: "Lam yad'" (he did not call).
The Shaykh : "Lam yad'" (he did not call). Parse it.
The student: Lam is a particle of jazm, reversal, and negation.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And "yad'" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam, and the mark of its jazm is dropping the waw, and the damma before it is evidence for it.
The Shaykh : Correct, and the damma before it is evidence for it. Good, the brother said to you, someone said: "Lam taghzi" (you did not raid), no, "Lam taqdi" (you did not judge), incorrect? It is not acceptable.
The student: If he intended...
The Shaykh : No, there is no plural.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : There is no plural for "lam taqdi" (you did not judge). Good, O Abdul Majid.
The student: "Lam taqdi" (you did not judge) is incorrect.
The Shaykh : Incorrect, and the correct form is "lam taqdi" (you did not judge) by dropping the ya. Good, incorrect. Ah, O Ahmad.
The student: I.
The Shaykh : Yes, exactly.
The student: If he is addressing a woman, it is...
The Shaykh : What do you say to the man?
The student: "Lam taqdi" (you did not judge).
The Shaykh : What?
The student: He is addressing the man. "Lam taqdi" (you did not judge).
The Shaykh : "Lam taqdi" (you did not judge) without the ya, if he is addressing a female.
The student: "Lam taqdi" (you did not judge).
The Shaykh : What do you say? Correct? Correct. If he is addressing a female and says "you did not judge" like this, meaning you did not judge anything. Its original form is "taqdi" (you judge), but if he is speaking, addressing a man, he says "you did not judge" like this? Or not? Correct. Good, so pay attention to this, because sometimes such issues come like a riddle. If a person does not pay attention, it is lost. If he says it is incorrect, he might have made a mistake. If he says it is correct, he might have made a mistake. Yes, the detail, yes.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Sukun and dropping.
The Shaykh : Sukun and dropping. Good, an example of sukun from you. There is no objection. An example from you.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : ... Come on, O Abu Bakr, this is sukun. Good, parse it.
The student: Lam is a particle of jazm, negation, and reversal. "Lam yaqum" (he did not stand). "Yaqum": a present tense verb, a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam, and the mark of its jazm is sukun.
The Shaykh : Yes. Good, the author says: Jazm is a mark for what? Sukun is a mark of jazm in what?
The student: In the sound present tense verb.
The Shaykh : We did not add a condition.
The student : Yes
The Shaykh : What is it?
The student: Not built.
The Shaykh : Yes. Good, the one that is not built, correct, O brother. Dropping is a mark of jazm in.
The student: In the weak present tense verb, and the five verbs.
The Shaykh : Which raised it.
The student: By the presence of the noon.
The Shaykh : So, in two places. Give me a verb in the state of jazm, weak at the end with alif.
The student: "Lam yard" (he did not be pleased).
The Shaykh : "Lam yard" (he did not be pleased). Good, parse it.
The student: Lam.
The Shaykh : A particle.
The student: A particle of jazm, prohibition, and reversal.
The Shaykh : A particle of negation, it is not prohibition.
The student: Jazm.
The Shaykh : And jazm and reversal. Good.
The student: "Yard" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm.
The Shaykh : In the state of jazm by lam, and the mark of its jazm.
The student: Dropping the weak letter from its end.
The Shaykh : No, no, we do not say dropping the weak letter. Dropping the alif. Ah, and the fatha before it is evidence for it. Good, weak with ya.
The student: I
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed
The student: With a yaa.
The Shaykh : With ya.
The student: "Lam yaqdi" (he did not judge).
The Shaykh : "Lam yaqdi" (he did not judge). Parse it.
The student: Lam is a particle of jazm, negation, and reversal. "Yaqdi" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm, and the mark of its jazm.
The Shaykh : In the state of jazm by what?
The student: By lam, dropping the weak letter.
The Shaykh : And the mark of its jazm.
The student: Dropping the ya.
The Shaykh : Dropping the ya. Ah, and the kasra before it, before it is evidence for it. Good, did you hear, O brothers? Good, we need a weak verb with waw. Yes.
The student: "Lam yad'" (he did not call).
The Shaykh : "Lam yad'" (he did not call). Parse it.
The student: Lam is a particle of jazm. "Yad'" is a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : A particle of jazm, after.
The student: "Yad'" is a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Lam is a particle of jazm, and what, and what? Jazm.
The student: Jazm, negation, and reversal.
The Shaykh : And negation and reversal. Good.
The student: "Yad'" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam, and the mark of its jazm is dropping the waw, and the damma before it.
The Shaykh : And the damma before it is evidence for it. Good, the five verbs that raised it by the presence of the noon. We need an example for them, O Hidayat Allah.
The student: Dropping the noon. "Falyarmiya" (Let him throw).
The Shaykh : And what?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : "Falyarmiya" (Let him throw), two of them like this? Parse it.
The student: The fa... The lam of command, and the lam of command is a jazm particle, and the mark of its jazm is dropping the noon, because it is one of the five verbs.
The Shaykh : Dropping the noon.
The student: Deletion of the nun.
The Shaykh : Yes, correct, and the alif.
The student: Subject.
The Shaykh : Dropping the noon, because it is one of the five verbs, and the alif.
The student: Subject.
The Shaykh : Subject. Good. From the five verbs with waw.
The student: "Lam yaf'alu" (They did not do).
The Shaykh : "Lam yaf'alu" (They did not do). Parse it.
The student: Lam is a particle of negation, reversal, and jazm. "Yaf'alu": a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam. The mark of its jazm is dropping the noon.
The Shaykh : Dropping.
The student: Deletion of the nun.
The Shaykh : Yes, and the waw.
The student: And the waw is in the position of...
The Shaykh : Subject. The waw is the subject.
Good, with ya.
The student: "Lam yamdi" (He did not pass).
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: "Lam yamdi" (He did not pass).
The Shaykh : What did you say?
The student: It is *yamdhu*.
The Shaykh : *Yamdhu*, no, we do not want a verb defective in the yā’; we want one of the five verbs whose subject is a yā’. Yes.
The student: Do not walk in the markets.
The Shaykh : Incorrect. “Do not walk”—who are you addressing?
The student: The girl.
The Shaykh : Correct. “Do not walk in the markets.” What is the root of “do not walk in the markets”? The root, if we remove the *lā*.
The student: *Tamshin*.
The Shaykh : *Tamshin*. Parse “do not walk in the markets.”
The student: *Lā* is a particle of jussive and negation.
The Shaykh : No, no.
The student: *Lā* of prohibition.
The Shaykh : *Lā* of prohibition, correct.
The student: *Tamshī* is a present-tense verb in the jussive mood, marked by the deletion of the nūn.
The Shaykh : Jussive by what?
The student: Jussive by *lā*.
The Shaykh : *Lā* of prohibition.
The student: And the sign of its jussive is the deletion of the nūn, because it is one of the five verbs.
The Shaykh : And the yaa.
The student: The yā’ of address.
The Shaykh : It is the subject (fa'il).
The student: The subject.
The Shaykh : Perfect. So, how are the five verbs marked for the jussive? By the deletion of the nūn. But how do we answer regarding the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Adh-Dhariyat 51:59] There is a nūn, there is a nūn, Ahmad.
The student: The nūn of emphasis.
The Shaykh : This is the nūn of emphasis, not the nūn of inflection, but others do not agree with you.
The student: The wāw is not a plural
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: The wāw is not a plural
The Shaykh : The wāw is not a plural, and this is an error upon an error. Ah.
The student: ... so they do not hasten.
The Shaykh : And this nūn, what is it?
The student: For protection.
The Shaykh : The nūn for protection, correct. Yes, it is correct. The nūn is for protection, not for inflection. That is why you find it with a kasrah in the mushaf But if it were the nūn of inflection, it would be... ah, *fa lā yasta‘jilūna* with a fathah. But it does not occur with *lā* of prohibition; the nūn does not come.
So, the deletion is the sign of the jussive in two places: in the defective verb, and secondly, in the five verbs whose nominative is marked by the retention of the nūn. Good, yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : It is not yet time for questions.
The student: By dropping the noon.
The Shaykh : By dropping the noon, and for the weak verb with alif?
The student: By dropping the weak letter.
The Shaykh : The weak verb with alif, the weak verb with alif.
The student: By dropping the alif.
The Shaykh : By dropping the alif, correct. The weak verb with ya, O Ahmad, what is the mark of jazm for the weak verb with ya? Hmm, what is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : What does he say?
The student: By dropping the ya.
The Shaykh : By dropping the ya, good. The weak verb with waw.
The student: By dropping the waw.
The Shaykh : By dropping the waw, like the weak verb with alif, yes. Ah.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Glory be to Allah. The weak verb with alif, Sami, "lam yasa'" (he did not run), "lam yasa'" (he did not run), correct. Its original form is "yasu'" (he runs). The alif was dropped when the jazm particle entered. The weak verb with waw.
The student: Allah the Exalted said:
Let him call his clan
فليدع ناديهThe Shaykh :
Let him call his clan
فليدع ناديهThe student: Lam.
The Shaykh : "Lam yasa' al-rajul" (The man did not run).
The student: "Lam yasa'" (He did not run).
The Shaykh : Yes, exactly.
The student: Lam is a particle of negation, reversal, and jazm. "Yasa'" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by dropping the weak letter.
The Shaykh : Incorrect.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Incorrect. "Yasa'" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : A present tense verb, correct, in the state of jazm.
The student: In the state of jazm by dropping the alif.
The Shaykh : What?
The student: By dropping the alif.
The Shaykh : Yes, correct, because you said: dropping the weak letter.
The student: And the fatha before it is evidence for it.
The Shaykh : And the fatha before it is evidence for it. Good. With ya, "lam yaqdi" (he did not judge).
The student: Lam is a particle of negation, jazm, and reversal. "Yaqdi" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam, and the mark of its jazm is dropping the ya, and the fatha before it is evidence for it.
The Shaykh : Good, done. "Lam yaghzi" (he did not raid).
The student: Lam is a particle of negation, jazm, and reversal. "Yaghzi" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm, and the mark of its jazm is dropping the waw.
The Shaykh : Dropping the waw and the damma.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Before it is evidence for it. I tell you, dropping the waw, dropping the alif, because it is more specific. If you say "dropping the weak letter," which of the three letters is the weak letter? Good.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : I consider it an error. I consider it an error. And if I do not say it is an error, it is incomplete. Yes, come on.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, let us take an example.
The student: "Lam yantahi" (he did not stop).
The Shaykh : "Lam yantahi" (he did not stop).
The student: Lam is a particle of reversal, jazm, and negation. A particle of jazm and reversal.
The Shaykh : And negation. You say "lam yantahi" (he did not stop).
The student: "Yantahi" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam. The mark of its jazm is dropping the weak letter.
The Shaykh : How? Dropping the alif?
The student: "Yantahi."
The Shaykh : Dropping the alif.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : You say "lam yantaha" (he did not stop).
The student: "Lam yantahi," dropping the ya.
The Shaykh : Dropping the ya and the kasra.
The student: And the kasra is a mark for it.
The Shaykh : Before it is evidence for it or a mark for it. It does not contradict. Look, now this is a benefit of our saying that you specify. Now, if he said "the weak letter," we do not know if it is an alif or a ya. He might make a mistake. We do not know about him. Yes, this is one of the benefits. Praise be to Allah, from your mistake came a benefit. Good, come on, O brother, "lam yaquma" (they did not stand), "lam yaquma" (they did not stand).
The student: Lam is a particle of negation, jazm, and reversal.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "Yaquma" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam, and the mark of its jazm is dropping the noon from its end, because it is one of the five verbs.
The Shaykh : What do you say? From its end, dropping the noon only, and the alif.
The student: A pronoun built on sukun in the position of nominative as the subject.
The Shaykh : Well done. Good, do you want to take something or not? Yes, you say to the woman: "Lam taqumi" (you did not stand).
The student: Lam is a particle of negation, jazm, and reversal. "Taqumi" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by dropping.
The Shaykh : In the state of jazm by what?
The student: By dropping.
The Shaykh : And what is the tool that put it in the state of jazm?
The student: Lam.
The Shaykh : By lam, and the mark of its jazm.
The student: The mark of its jazm is dropping the noon.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And the ya is the subject.
The Shaykh : And the ya is the subject. Correct. Plural? Good, come on, O [name].
The student: Salah.
The Shaykh : Salah, come on, O Salah. Someone said to you, addressing you: "Lam yad'u" (he did not call).
The student: Error
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Error
The Shaykh : Incorrect. What is the correct form?
The student: "Lam yad'" (he did not call)... He is addressing me.
The Shaykh : Ah.
The student: "Lam tad'" (you did not call).
The Shaykh : No, no, he did not say "tad'" (you call), he said "yad'" (he calls). "Lam yad'u" (he did not call).
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : ... .
The student: A particle of jazm and reversal.
The Shaykh : Wait, first correct my statement or the error. He says: "Lam yad'u" (he did not call).
The student: ... He spoke about the plural.
The Shaykh : There is no [issue], it needs detail. Either divide it or say it is correct.
The student: Here he is speaking about the plural. "Lam yad'u" (he did not call)...
The Shaykh : So, his statement is correct.
The student: I did not understand the question.
The Shaykh : This question: this person told you a story and said: "Lam yad'u" (he did not call), but this word, is this correct or incorrect?
The student: If he intended the plural, it is correct.
The Shaykh : Correct. And if he intended one person.
The student: Then it is incorrect.
The Shaykh : Incorrect, correct, O brothers? Good, this is correct. Good, if he intended one person, what does he say?
The student: "Lam yad'" (he did not call).
The Shaykh : "Lam yad'" (he did not call). Parse it.
The student: Lam is a particle of jazm, reversal, and negation.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And "yad'" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam, and the mark of its jazm is dropping the waw, and the damma before it is evidence for it.
The Shaykh : Correct, and the damma before it is evidence for it. Good, the brother said to you, someone said: "Lam taghzi" (you did not raid), no, "Lam taqdi" (you did not judge), incorrect? It is not acceptable.
The student: If he intended...
The Shaykh : No, there is no plural.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : There is no plural for "lam taqdi" (you did not judge). Good, O Abdul Majid.
The student: "Lam taqdi" (you did not judge) is incorrect.
The Shaykh : Incorrect, and the correct form is "lam taqdi" (you did not judge) by dropping the ya. Good, incorrect. Ah, O Ahmad.
The student: I.
The Shaykh : Yes, exactly.
The student: If he is addressing a woman, it is...
The Shaykh : What do you say to the man?
The student: "Lam taqdi" (you did not judge).
The Shaykh : What?
The student: He is addressing the man. "Lam taqdi" (you did not judge).
The Shaykh : "Lam taqdi" (you did not judge) without the ya, if he is addressing a female.
The student: "Lam taqdi" (you did not judge).
The Shaykh : What do you say? Correct? Correct. If he is addressing a female and says "you did not judge" like this, meaning you did not judge anything. Its original form is "taqdi" (you judge), but if he is speaking, addressing a man, he says "you did not judge" like this? Or not? Correct. Good, so pay attention to this, because sometimes such issues come like a riddle. If a person does not pay attention, it is lost. If he says it is incorrect, he might have made a mistake. If he says it is correct, he might have made a mistake. Yes, the detail, yes.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Sukun and dropping.
The Shaykh : Sukun and dropping. Good, an example of sukun from you. There is no objection. An example from you.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : ... Come on, O Abu Bakr, this is sukun. Good, parse it.
The student: Lam is a particle of jazm, negation, and reversal. "Lam yaqum" (he did not stand). "Yaqum": a present tense verb, a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam, and the mark of its jazm is sukun.
The Shaykh : Yes. Good, the author says: Jazm is a mark for what? Sukun is a mark of jazm in what?
The student: In the sound present tense verb.
The Shaykh : We did not add a condition.
The student : Yes
The Shaykh : What is it?
The student: Not built.
The Shaykh : Yes. Good, the one that is not built, correct, O brother. Dropping is a mark of jazm in.
The student: In the weak present tense verb, and the five verbs.
The Shaykh : Which raised it.
The student: By the presence of the noon.
The Shaykh : So, in two places. Give me a verb in the state of jazm, weak at the end with alif.
The student: "Lam yard" (he did not be pleased).
The Shaykh : "Lam yard" (he did not be pleased). Good, parse it.
The student: Lam.
The Shaykh : A particle.
The student: A particle of jazm, prohibition, and reversal.
The Shaykh : A particle of negation, it is not prohibition.
The student: Jazm.
The Shaykh : And jazm and reversal. Good.
The student: "Yard" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm.
The Shaykh : In the state of jazm by lam, and the mark of its jazm.
The student: Dropping the weak letter from its end.
The Shaykh : No, no, we do not say dropping the weak letter. Dropping the alif. Ah, and the fatha before it is evidence for it. Good, weak with ya.
The student: I
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed
The student: With a yaa.
The Shaykh : With ya.
The student: "Lam yaqdi" (he did not judge).
The Shaykh : "Lam yaqdi" (he did not judge). Parse it.
The student: Lam is a particle of jazm, negation, and reversal. "Yaqdi" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm, and the mark of its jazm.
The Shaykh : In the state of jazm by what?
The student: By lam, dropping the weak letter.
The Shaykh : And the mark of its jazm.
The student: Dropping the ya.
The Shaykh : Dropping the ya. Ah, and the kasra before it, before it is evidence for it. Good, did you hear, O brothers? Good, we need a weak verb with waw. Yes.
The student: "Lam yad'" (he did not call).
The Shaykh : "Lam yad'" (he did not call). Parse it.
The student: Lam is a particle of jazm. "Yad'" is a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : A particle of jazm, after.
The student: "Yad'" is a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Lam is a particle of jazm, and what, and what? Jazm.
The student: Jazm, negation, and reversal.
The Shaykh : And negation and reversal. Good.
The student: "Yad'" is a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam, and the mark of its jazm is dropping the waw, and the damma before it.
The Shaykh : And the damma before it is evidence for it. Good, the five verbs that raised it by the presence of the noon. We need an example for them, O Hidayat Allah.
The student: Dropping the noon. "Falyarmiya" (Let him throw).
The Shaykh : And what?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : "Falyarmiya" (Let him throw), two of them like this? Parse it.
The student: The fa... The lam of command, and the lam of command is a jazm particle, and the mark of its jazm is dropping the noon, because it is one of the five verbs.
The Shaykh : Dropping the noon.
The student: Deletion of the nun.
The Shaykh : Yes, correct, and the alif.
The student: Subject.
The Shaykh : Dropping the noon, because it is one of the five verbs, and the alif.
The student: Subject.
The Shaykh : Subject. Good. From the five verbs with waw.
The student: "Lam yaf'alu" (They did not do).
The Shaykh : "Lam yaf'alu" (They did not do). Parse it.
The student: Lam is a particle of negation, reversal, and jazm. "Yaf'alu": a present tense verb in the state of jazm by lam. The mark of its jazm is dropping the noon.
The Shaykh : Dropping.
The student: Deletion of the nun.
The Shaykh : Yes, and the waw.
The student: And the waw is in the position of...
The Shaykh : Subject. The waw is the subject.
Good, with ya.
The student: "Lam yamdi" (He did not pass).
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: "Lam yamdi" (He did not pass).
The Shaykh : What did you say?
The student: It is *yamdhu*.
The Shaykh : *Yamdhu*, no, we do not want a verb defective in the yā’; we want one of the five verbs whose subject is a yā’. Yes.
The student: Do not walk in the markets.
The Shaykh : Incorrect. “Do not walk”—who are you addressing?
The student: The girl.
The Shaykh : Correct. “Do not walk in the markets.” What is the root of “do not walk in the markets”? The root, if we remove the *lā*.
The student: *Tamshin*.
The Shaykh : *Tamshin*. Parse “do not walk in the markets.”
The student: *Lā* is a particle of jussive and negation.
The Shaykh : No, no.
The student: *Lā* of prohibition.
The Shaykh : *Lā* of prohibition, correct.
The student: *Tamshī* is a present-tense verb in the jussive mood, marked by the deletion of the nūn.
The Shaykh : Jussive by what?
The student: Jussive by *lā*.
The Shaykh : *Lā* of prohibition.
The student: And the sign of its jussive is the deletion of the nūn, because it is one of the five verbs.
The Shaykh : And the yaa.
The student: The yā’ of address.
The Shaykh : It is the subject (fa'il).
The student: The subject.
The Shaykh : Perfect. So, how are the five verbs marked for the jussive? By the deletion of the nūn. But how do we answer regarding the saying of Allah the Exalted:
for those who have wronged is a portion [of punishment] like the portion of their predecessors, so let them not impatiently urge Me.
وإن للذين ذنوبا مثل ذنوب أصحابهم فلا يستعجلونSo let them not hasten.
فلا يستعجلونThe student: The nūn of emphasis.
The Shaykh : This is the nūn of emphasis, not the nūn of inflection, but others do not agree with you.
The student: The wāw is not a plural
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: The wāw is not a plural
The Shaykh : The wāw is not a plural, and this is an error upon an error. Ah.
The student: ... so they do not hasten.
The Shaykh : And this nūn, what is it?
The student: For protection.
The Shaykh : The nūn for protection, correct. Yes, it is correct. The nūn is for protection, not for inflection. That is why you find it with a kasrah in the mushaf
So they do not hasten
فلا يستعجلونِSo, the deletion is the sign of the jussive in two places: in the defective verb, and secondly, in the five verbs whose nominative is marked by the retention of the nūn. Good, yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : It is not yet time for questions.