The Discussion on the Passive Voice
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : The author mentioned that there are twelve, and he also mentioned this regarding the doer. We stated there that two were omitted, and here two were omitted. Well, the issue is that parsing is difficult for those who
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Forever
The student: No, a verb, a built verb.
The Shaykh : What kind of verb?
The student: A verb built for the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : What kind of verb?
The student: Past
The Shaykh : Past.
The student: A verb for which the doer was not named.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: ... a substitute doer, raised by the waw.
Another student: Raised, and its sign of raising is the waw and the nun in place of the tanwin...
The Shaykh : And the waw is a substitute for what?
The student: In place of the dammah.
The Shaykh : Yes, because it is
The student: Because it is a substitute doer.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: Because it is a sound masculine plural.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the nun in place of the tanwin in
The Shaykh : Okay.
The Shaykh : Come on, the food was eaten.
The student: The food was eaten.
The Shaykh : Well, the food was eaten.
The student: The food was eaten. Yes.
The Shaykh : Correct.
The student: Yes, correct.
The Shaykh : And what is the difference?
The student: In the first one.
The Shaykh : It is not that the food was eaten in this one and that one.
The student: The food was eaten, but in the first one the verb changed.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: From the second one; in the first one, the first letter was dammed and what was
The Shaykh : built for the omission of its doer.
The student: And the second one.
The Shaykh : And the second one was built for the naming of its doer.
The student: For the naming of its doer.
The Shaykh : Well, parse "the food was eaten."
The student: "Was eaten" is a present tense verb built for the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : "Was eaten" is a present tense verb.
The student: "Was eaten" is a past tense verb built for the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : Built for the omission of its doer.
The student: Built for the omission of its doer, and "the food" is a substitute doer, raised by the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes, "were hit."
The student: Who were hit?
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Who were hit?
The Shaykh : Two men.
The student: "Was hit" is a past tense verb built on the fathah because it is connected to the moving pronoun of raising.
The Shaykh : Yes, that is correct.
The student: "Were hit" is a past tense verb.
The Shaykh : "Was hit" is a past tense verb, right?
The student: Built for the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Built on fathah.
The Shaykh : On the fathah, why?
The student: Because it is connected to the moving pronoun of raising.
The Shaykh : Because it is connected to the moving pronoun of raising, and it is connected to the moving pronoun of raising, it is built on the fathah.
The student: Right, yes, it is built on the sukun.
The Shaykh : On the sukun, this is "were hit."
The student: "Were hit" with the alif.
The Shaykh : With the alif, well.
The student: And the alif is a sign of...
The Shaykh : But the verb is built on what?
The student: "Were hit."
The Shaykh : And what is the end of the verb?
The student: Sukun.
The Shaykh : The end of the verb is the letter that is the end of the verb, it is not.
The student: The fathah.
The Shaykh : No, that is the movement, but the letter that is the end of the verb.
The student: Alif.
The Shaykh : The one that is the end of the verb.
The student: How, O Shaykh, the one that is the end of the verb.
The Shaykh : This is how: Dhad, Ra.
The student: The fathah.
The Shaykh : Dhad, Ra.
The student: The Ba has a fathah on it.
The Shaykh : Right, and what is the end of the verb from the letters?
The student: From the letters, the alif, the ba.
The Shaykh : The ba, Zayn, the ba is now open or what? "Were hit."
The student: Open.
The Shaykh : Open, then parse it.
The student: "Were hit" is a past tense verb built for the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: And the alif.
The Shaykh : Complete
The student: Is the sign of dual.
The Shaykh : Well, the sign of dual.
The student: Yes, that is right.
The Shaykh : What is the sign?
The student: And it is not a connected pronoun built on the sukun.
The Shaykh : Yes, in the position of
The student: In the position of raising as a substitute doer.
The Shaykh : In the position of raising as a substitute doer. Well, now the verb is built on the fathah because it is connected to the alif, or what?
The student: How, meaning?
The Shaykh : The verb "was hit" is built on the fathah.
The student: Yes, that is right.
The Shaykh : Because it is connected to the alif.
The student: No, because it is built for the unknown, built for the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : Well, "were hit" is built for the doer. The verb now is built on the fathah because it is connected to the alif.
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Because if it is built for the omission of its doer, its first letter is dammed and what is before its last letter is opened, and what is before its last letter is kasred if it is present tense.
The Shaykh : Let us leave what is before the last letter for now; the last letter.
The student: The last letter is open.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because it is connected to the pronoun of dual.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: It is open because it was not preceded by...
The Shaykh : On the original state, on the original state it is open. On the original state, let us see: if the waw of the group is connected to it, it is built on the dammah. The moving pronoun of raising is built on the sukun, and everything else is on the fathah. There is no need for a note on top of it, and I am discussing this with you now because from the beginning you told me that it is built on the fathah because it is connected to the moving pronoun of raising, otherwise it would not need discussion. So, "was hit" is built on the fathah, why? On the original state, it is not because of the alif. Well.
The Shaykh : Come on, "were hit" (feminine dual).
The student: "Was hit" is a past tense verb.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Built for the omission of its doer, and the silent taa of femininity has no position in parsing, and the alif.
The Shaykh : Right, but what is the verb built on?
The student: Built on fathah.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because no moving pronoun of raising, no nun of directness, and no nun of women is connected to it.
The Shaykh : And how
The student: The waw of the group and the moving pronoun of raising are not connected to it, rather...
The Shaykh : It is not apparent.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : There is a taa.
The student: On the original state, there is.
The Shaykh : On the original state, right? Yes, otherwise why did we mention it? We mentioned it recently. Well, the taa is for femininity. Well, the taa of femininity is built on the sukun.
The student: Yes... for the alif.
The Shaykh : It is built on the fathah.
The student: On the fathah.
The Shaykh : For the sake of the alif. Yes, and the alif.
The student: And the alif is a connected pronoun built on the sukun in the position of raising as a substitute doer.
The Shaykh : That is all. Well, come on, my brother.
The student: I understood...
The Shaykh : I understood, yes, may Allah bless you.
The Shaykh : The brother, "we were hit."
The student: "Was hit" is a past tense verb built.
The Shaykh : No, there is not... all.
The student: "Was hit" is a past tense verb built.
The Shaykh : "Was hit" is a past tense verb.
The student: ... doer.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the nun for the group.
The Shaykh : No, it is "we were hit," but the verb now, what do you say? Is it built on the fathah, or on the dammah, or on the sukun, or on the kasrah, or on what?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Built on fathah.
The Shaykh : "We were hit."
The student: Built on *sukun*.
The Shaykh : Built on the sukun, why?
The student: ... the nun of women.
The Shaykh : The nun of women, correct, or by the moving pronoun of raising.
The student: No.
The Shaykh : This is better because it is more general: because it is connected to the moving pronoun of raising. Well, and the nun.
The student: And the nun is a substitute doer.
The Shaykh : Built on what?
The student: Built on *sukun*.
The Shaykh : The nun.
The student: Built on the raising.
The Shaykh : Built on what?
The student: The nominative.
The Shaykh : No, it is not possible to say built on the raising or on the accusative; it is not valid. Hey, Abd al-Rahman.
The student: Built on the fathah in the position of raising as a substitute doer.
The Shaykh : Built on the fathah in the position of raising as a substitute doer. You understood, well.
The Shaykh : Come on, "you two were hit" (feminine dual).
The student: "Hit."
The Shaykh : No.
The student: "Was hit" is a past tense verb, a past tense verb built on the sukun.
The Shaykh : Yes, why?
The student: Because it is connected to the pronoun.
The Shaykh : What pronoun?
The student: It is connected to the moving pronoun.
The Shaykh : The moving pronoun of raising, which is the taa and its form.
The student: "You two were hit."
The Shaykh : Right, but the form of the verb.
The student: Hmm.
The Shaykh : Its form means: is it built for the naming of the doer or for the omission of the doer?
The student: Because its actor was not named.
The Shaykh : That is all, and the taa.
The student: And the taa is a pronoun... then he says, meaning.
The Shaykh : It does not contradict ...
The student: A connected pronoun built.
The Shaykh : Built on what?
The student: On sukun.
The Shaykh : On the sukun.
The student: In the position of raising as a substitute doer.
The Shaykh : Well, and if you wish, say the taa is a pronoun... in the position of raising as a substitute doer, and the mimm and the alif are the sign of dual.
The Shaykh : "The two students were honored."
The student : Shaykh
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed.
The student: And the female students.
The Shaykh : "The two students were honored."
The student: ... the female students.
The Shaykh : Well, if I say "I honored the two students," is that correct?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : "The two students were honored" is also "honored."
The student: The verb is returned to the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : Right, pronounce it correctly.
The student: "The two students were honored."
The Shaykh : Parse it.
The student: "Was honored" is a past tense verb built on the visible fathah on its end, and it is built for the omission of its doer. And "the two students" is a doer, excuse me, a substitute doer, raised, and its sign of raising is the alif because it is dual.
The Shaykh : And the *nun*.
The student: And the nun...
The Shaykh : Right, yes, correct.
The Shaykh : Your brother succeeded.
The student: Parse, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : Well, your brother succeeded.
The student: "Succeeded."
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: A past tense verb, a past tense verb built on the visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: "Your brother."
The Shaykh : And it is built.
The student: No, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Known, your brother.
The Shaykh : Meaning, for the known, this.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Right, and what is the evidence that "succeeded" is built for the known?
The student: That its first letter is not dammed and what is before it is not kasred.
The Shaykh : Right, well, "walked."
The student: "Your brother" is a doer.
The Shaykh : "Your brother" is all.
The student: "Brother" (Akh).
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: A doer, raised, and its sign of raising is the waw because it is from the five names.
The Shaykh : The "wa" (and).
The student: The waw in place of the dammah.
The Shaykh : Right, because
The student: Because it is from the five names.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the kaff.
The Shaykh : "Brother" is a compound noun.
The student: "Brother" is a compound noun and the kaff is the object of the compound.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And it is genitive by the compound.
The Shaykh : Genitive by the compound, and its sign of genitive is.
The student: Its sign of genitive is the visible kasrah on its end.
The Shaykh : No, we say "your brother" (with fathah).
The student: "Your brother" is genitive and its sign of genitive is the fathah in place of the kasrah.
The Shaykh : Yes, because
The student: Because it is genitive by the compound...
The Shaykh : How, but why did the fathah become a substitute for the kasrah?
The student: Because it is built on the fathah.
The Shaykh : Then we say its sign of genitive is the fathah.
The student: Built in the position of genitive.
The Shaykh : Right, and what do you say? We have two positions now: the fathah is a substitute for the kasrah because it is the object of the compound, or it is built on the fathah in the position of genitive.
The student: The second.
The Shaykh : The second one is the correct one. You have learned that all pronouns are built. Do you have the rule that all pronouns are built? Good.
The Shaykh : Come on, brother, what is your name?
The student: Sami.
The Shaykh : Come on, Sami, do you want to do the grammatical analysis or not? Or shall we excuse you?
The student: May Allah reward you with good...
The Shaykh : I excuse you. Good. The one after you, Khalid, I like "one who has wealth."
The student: "I like" is a present-tense verb...
The Shaykh : Yes, and it is built.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : When its subject is not named, its first letter is dammed.
The student: Dammed...
The Shaykh : The first letter is dammed in "one who has wealth" that I like. Stop here.
The student: The taa is dammed.
The Shaykh : It doesn't work if we take the rule. We don't say that, even if this is a rule for us.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: ...
The Shaykh : ... You say "Zayd is struck," you dam its first letter... Yes, give us a rule to follow, otherwise everyone will say this is not good and that is good, and that's it.
The student: ... before the last letter, and in the present tense, the condition is that the letter before the last is opened.
The Shaykh : Correct, yes, perfect. I understood, Khalid. Yes, good. And the noon in "I like."
The student: ...
The Shaykh : And the yaa.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : A connected pronoun.
The student: Built on *sukun*.
The Shaykh : Built on sukun in the position of accusative. Yes, "one who has wealth."
The student: One who has wealth.
The Shaykh : Subject. No, "I like" what? Come on, finish, my...
The student: The subject.
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Subject, raised, and its sign of raising is the waa in place of the dammah because it is one of the five nouns.
The Shaykh : Of what?
The student: Because it is one of the five nouns.
The Shaykh : One of the five nouns. "One who has wealth" that I like. "One who has wealth" is the subject, raised by the waa in place of the dammah because it is one of the five verbs. And "one who has wealth" is a possessive. Good. What is the condition for the grammatical analysis of "one who has wealth" as one of the five nouns?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : This is one.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : For the sake of what is realized in any case.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : one who is
The student: "the one who has"
The Shaykh : Yes, "one who has wealth."
The student: What is in it?
The Shaykh : What is the condition for its grammatical analysis according to the pattern of the five nouns?
The student: The condition for its grammatical analysis is that it be singular, that it mean "companion," that it be possessive, that it be possessive without the yaa of the first person, and that it be large.
Another student: That it not mean "one who has"...
The Shaykh : This one, that it not mean "companion." That it mean "companion" to avoid "one who has."
The student: The Taa'iyyah.
The Shaykh : The Taa'iyyah. Good.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : how
The reader: "It is the raised noun that is free from verbal factors, and the predicate is the raised noun attributed to it, such as your saying 'Zayd is coming,' 'the two Zayds are coming,' and 'the Zayds are coming.'"
And the subject is of two types: apparent and hidden. The apparent is what was mentioned before.
The implied pronouns are twelve: I, we, you (masculine), you (feminine), you two (masculine), you (plural masculine), you (plural feminine), he, she, they two (masculine), they (masculine), and they (feminine), as in saying "I am standing" or "We are standing" and the like. The predicate is of two types: singular and non-singular. The singular is like "Zayd is standing." The non-singular consists of four things: the preposition with its noun, the adverb of time or place, the verb with its subject, and the subject with its predicate, as in saying "Zayd is in the house," "Zayd is with you," "Zayd's father stood up," and "Zayd's house is ruined."
The Shaykh : His slave girl.
The reader: "And 'Zayd's slave girl is going.'"
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Forever
The student: No, a verb, a built verb.
The Shaykh : What kind of verb?
The student: A verb built for the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : What kind of verb?
The student: Past
The Shaykh : Past.
The student: A verb for which the doer was not named.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: ... a substitute doer, raised by the waw.
Another student: Raised, and its sign of raising is the waw and the nun in place of the tanwin...
The Shaykh : And the waw is a substitute for what?
The student: In place of the dammah.
The Shaykh : Yes, because it is
The student: Because it is a substitute doer.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: Because it is a sound masculine plural.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the nun in place of the tanwin in
The Shaykh : Okay.
The Shaykh : Come on, the food was eaten.
The student: The food was eaten.
The Shaykh : Well, the food was eaten.
The student: The food was eaten. Yes.
The Shaykh : Correct.
The student: Yes, correct.
The Shaykh : And what is the difference?
The student: In the first one.
The Shaykh : It is not that the food was eaten in this one and that one.
The student: The food was eaten, but in the first one the verb changed.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: From the second one; in the first one, the first letter was dammed and what was
The Shaykh : built for the omission of its doer.
The student: And the second one.
The Shaykh : And the second one was built for the naming of its doer.
The student: For the naming of its doer.
The Shaykh : Well, parse "the food was eaten."
The student: "Was eaten" is a present tense verb built for the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : "Was eaten" is a present tense verb.
The student: "Was eaten" is a past tense verb built for the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : Built for the omission of its doer.
The student: Built for the omission of its doer, and "the food" is a substitute doer, raised by the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes, "were hit."
The student: Who were hit?
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Who were hit?
The Shaykh : Two men.
The student: "Was hit" is a past tense verb built on the fathah because it is connected to the moving pronoun of raising.
The Shaykh : Yes, that is correct.
The student: "Were hit" is a past tense verb.
The Shaykh : "Was hit" is a past tense verb, right?
The student: Built for the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Built on fathah.
The Shaykh : On the fathah, why?
The student: Because it is connected to the moving pronoun of raising.
The Shaykh : Because it is connected to the moving pronoun of raising, and it is connected to the moving pronoun of raising, it is built on the fathah.
The student: Right, yes, it is built on the sukun.
The Shaykh : On the sukun, this is "were hit."
The student: "Were hit" with the alif.
The Shaykh : With the alif, well.
The student: And the alif is a sign of...
The Shaykh : But the verb is built on what?
The student: "Were hit."
The Shaykh : And what is the end of the verb?
The student: Sukun.
The Shaykh : The end of the verb is the letter that is the end of the verb, it is not.
The student: The fathah.
The Shaykh : No, that is the movement, but the letter that is the end of the verb.
The student: Alif.
The Shaykh : The one that is the end of the verb.
The student: How, O Shaykh, the one that is the end of the verb.
The Shaykh : This is how: Dhad, Ra.
The student: The fathah.
The Shaykh : Dhad, Ra.
The student: The Ba has a fathah on it.
The Shaykh : Right, and what is the end of the verb from the letters?
The student: From the letters, the alif, the ba.
The Shaykh : The ba, Zayn, the ba is now open or what? "Were hit."
The student: Open.
The Shaykh : Open, then parse it.
The student: "Were hit" is a past tense verb built for the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: And the alif.
The Shaykh : Complete
The student: Is the sign of dual.
The Shaykh : Well, the sign of dual.
The student: Yes, that is right.
The Shaykh : What is the sign?
The student: And it is not a connected pronoun built on the sukun.
The Shaykh : Yes, in the position of
The student: In the position of raising as a substitute doer.
The Shaykh : In the position of raising as a substitute doer. Well, now the verb is built on the fathah because it is connected to the alif, or what?
The student: How, meaning?
The Shaykh : The verb "was hit" is built on the fathah.
The student: Yes, that is right.
The Shaykh : Because it is connected to the alif.
The student: No, because it is built for the unknown, built for the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : Well, "were hit" is built for the doer. The verb now is built on the fathah because it is connected to the alif.
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Because if it is built for the omission of its doer, its first letter is dammed and what is before its last letter is opened, and what is before its last letter is kasred if it is present tense.
The Shaykh : Let us leave what is before the last letter for now; the last letter.
The student: The last letter is open.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because it is connected to the pronoun of dual.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: It is open because it was not preceded by...
The Shaykh : On the original state, on the original state it is open. On the original state, let us see: if the waw of the group is connected to it, it is built on the dammah. The moving pronoun of raising is built on the sukun, and everything else is on the fathah. There is no need for a note on top of it, and I am discussing this with you now because from the beginning you told me that it is built on the fathah because it is connected to the moving pronoun of raising, otherwise it would not need discussion. So, "was hit" is built on the fathah, why? On the original state, it is not because of the alif. Well.
The Shaykh : Come on, "were hit" (feminine dual).
The student: "Was hit" is a past tense verb.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Built for the omission of its doer, and the silent taa of femininity has no position in parsing, and the alif.
The Shaykh : Right, but what is the verb built on?
The student: Built on fathah.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because no moving pronoun of raising, no nun of directness, and no nun of women is connected to it.
The Shaykh : And how
The student: The waw of the group and the moving pronoun of raising are not connected to it, rather...
The Shaykh : It is not apparent.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : There is a taa.
The student: On the original state, there is.
The Shaykh : On the original state, right? Yes, otherwise why did we mention it? We mentioned it recently. Well, the taa is for femininity. Well, the taa of femininity is built on the sukun.
The student: Yes... for the alif.
The Shaykh : It is built on the fathah.
The student: On the fathah.
The Shaykh : For the sake of the alif. Yes, and the alif.
The student: And the alif is a connected pronoun built on the sukun in the position of raising as a substitute doer.
The Shaykh : That is all. Well, come on, my brother.
The student: I understood...
The Shaykh : I understood, yes, may Allah bless you.
The Shaykh : The brother, "we were hit."
The student: "Was hit" is a past tense verb built.
The Shaykh : No, there is not... all.
The student: "Was hit" is a past tense verb built.
The Shaykh : "Was hit" is a past tense verb.
The student: ... doer.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the nun for the group.
The Shaykh : No, it is "we were hit," but the verb now, what do you say? Is it built on the fathah, or on the dammah, or on the sukun, or on the kasrah, or on what?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Built on fathah.
The Shaykh : "We were hit."
The student: Built on *sukun*.
The Shaykh : Built on the sukun, why?
The student: ... the nun of women.
The Shaykh : The nun of women, correct, or by the moving pronoun of raising.
The student: No.
The Shaykh : This is better because it is more general: because it is connected to the moving pronoun of raising. Well, and the nun.
The student: And the nun is a substitute doer.
The Shaykh : Built on what?
The student: Built on *sukun*.
The Shaykh : The nun.
The student: Built on the raising.
The Shaykh : Built on what?
The student: The nominative.
The Shaykh : No, it is not possible to say built on the raising or on the accusative; it is not valid. Hey, Abd al-Rahman.
The student: Built on the fathah in the position of raising as a substitute doer.
The Shaykh : Built on the fathah in the position of raising as a substitute doer. You understood, well.
The Shaykh : Come on, "you two were hit" (feminine dual).
The student: "Hit."
The Shaykh : No.
The student: "Was hit" is a past tense verb, a past tense verb built on the sukun.
The Shaykh : Yes, why?
The student: Because it is connected to the pronoun.
The Shaykh : What pronoun?
The student: It is connected to the moving pronoun.
The Shaykh : The moving pronoun of raising, which is the taa and its form.
The student: "You two were hit."
The Shaykh : Right, but the form of the verb.
The student: Hmm.
The Shaykh : Its form means: is it built for the naming of the doer or for the omission of the doer?
The student: Because its actor was not named.
The Shaykh : That is all, and the taa.
The student: And the taa is a pronoun... then he says, meaning.
The Shaykh : It does not contradict ...
The student: A connected pronoun built.
The Shaykh : Built on what?
The student: On sukun.
The Shaykh : On the sukun.
The student: In the position of raising as a substitute doer.
The Shaykh : Well, and if you wish, say the taa is a pronoun... in the position of raising as a substitute doer, and the mimm and the alif are the sign of dual.
The Shaykh : "The two students were honored."
The student : Shaykh
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed.
The student: And the female students.
The Shaykh : "The two students were honored."
The student: ... the female students.
The Shaykh : Well, if I say "I honored the two students," is that correct?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : "The two students were honored" is also "honored."
The student: The verb is returned to the omission of its doer.
The Shaykh : Right, pronounce it correctly.
The student: "The two students were honored."
The Shaykh : Parse it.
The student: "Was honored" is a past tense verb built on the visible fathah on its end, and it is built for the omission of its doer. And "the two students" is a doer, excuse me, a substitute doer, raised, and its sign of raising is the alif because it is dual.
The Shaykh : And the *nun*.
The student: And the nun...
The Shaykh : Right, yes, correct.
The Shaykh : Your brother succeeded.
The student: Parse, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : Well, your brother succeeded.
The student: "Succeeded."
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: A past tense verb, a past tense verb built on the visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: "Your brother."
The Shaykh : And it is built.
The student: No, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Known, your brother.
The Shaykh : Meaning, for the known, this.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Right, and what is the evidence that "succeeded" is built for the known?
The student: That its first letter is not dammed and what is before it is not kasred.
The Shaykh : Right, well, "walked."
The student: "Your brother" is a doer.
The Shaykh : "Your brother" is all.
The student: "Brother" (Akh).
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: A doer, raised, and its sign of raising is the waw because it is from the five names.
The Shaykh : The "wa" (and).
The student: The waw in place of the dammah.
The Shaykh : Right, because
The student: Because it is from the five names.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the kaff.
The Shaykh : "Brother" is a compound noun.
The student: "Brother" is a compound noun and the kaff is the object of the compound.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And it is genitive by the compound.
The Shaykh : Genitive by the compound, and its sign of genitive is.
The student: Its sign of genitive is the visible kasrah on its end.
The Shaykh : No, we say "your brother" (with fathah).
The student: "Your brother" is genitive and its sign of genitive is the fathah in place of the kasrah.
The Shaykh : Yes, because
The student: Because it is genitive by the compound...
The Shaykh : How, but why did the fathah become a substitute for the kasrah?
The student: Because it is built on the fathah.
The Shaykh : Then we say its sign of genitive is the fathah.
The student: Built in the position of genitive.
The Shaykh : Right, and what do you say? We have two positions now: the fathah is a substitute for the kasrah because it is the object of the compound, or it is built on the fathah in the position of genitive.
The student: The second.
The Shaykh : The second one is the correct one. You have learned that all pronouns are built. Do you have the rule that all pronouns are built? Good.
The Shaykh : Come on, brother, what is your name?
The student: Sami.
The Shaykh : Come on, Sami, do you want to do the grammatical analysis or not? Or shall we excuse you?
The student: May Allah reward you with good...
The Shaykh : I excuse you. Good. The one after you, Khalid, I like "one who has wealth."
The student: "I like" is a present-tense verb...
The Shaykh : Yes, and it is built.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : When its subject is not named, its first letter is dammed.
The student: Dammed...
The Shaykh : The first letter is dammed in "one who has wealth" that I like. Stop here.
The student: The taa is dammed.
The Shaykh : It doesn't work if we take the rule. We don't say that, even if this is a rule for us.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: ...
The Shaykh : ... You say "Zayd is struck," you dam its first letter... Yes, give us a rule to follow, otherwise everyone will say this is not good and that is good, and that's it.
The student: ... before the last letter, and in the present tense, the condition is that the letter before the last is opened.
The Shaykh : Correct, yes, perfect. I understood, Khalid. Yes, good. And the noon in "I like."
The student: ...
The Shaykh : And the yaa.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : A connected pronoun.
The student: Built on *sukun*.
The Shaykh : Built on sukun in the position of accusative. Yes, "one who has wealth."
The student: One who has wealth.
The Shaykh : Subject. No, "I like" what? Come on, finish, my...
The student: The subject.
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Subject, raised, and its sign of raising is the waa in place of the dammah because it is one of the five nouns.
The Shaykh : Of what?
The student: Because it is one of the five nouns.
The Shaykh : One of the five nouns. "One who has wealth" that I like. "One who has wealth" is the subject, raised by the waa in place of the dammah because it is one of the five verbs. And "one who has wealth" is a possessive. Good. What is the condition for the grammatical analysis of "one who has wealth" as one of the five nouns?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : This is one.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : For the sake of what is realized in any case.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : one who is
The student: "the one who has"
The Shaykh : Yes, "one who has wealth."
The student: What is in it?
The Shaykh : What is the condition for its grammatical analysis according to the pattern of the five nouns?
The student: The condition for its grammatical analysis is that it be singular, that it mean "companion," that it be possessive, that it be possessive without the yaa of the first person, and that it be large.
Another student: That it not mean "one who has"...
The Shaykh : This one, that it not mean "companion." That it mean "companion" to avoid "one who has."
The student: The Taa'iyyah.
The Shaykh : The Taa'iyyah. Good.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : how
The reader: "It is the raised noun that is free from verbal factors, and the predicate is the raised noun attributed to it, such as your saying 'Zayd is coming,' 'the two Zayds are coming,' and 'the Zayds are coming.'"
And the subject is of two types: apparent and hidden. The apparent is what was mentioned before.
The implied pronouns are twelve: I, we, you (masculine), you (feminine), you two (masculine), you (plural masculine), you (plural feminine), he, she, they two (masculine), they (masculine), and they (feminine), as in saying "I am standing" or "We are standing" and the like. The predicate is of two types: singular and non-singular. The singular is like "Zayd is standing." The non-singular consists of four things: the preposition with its noun, the adverb of time or place, the verb with its subject, and the subject with its predicate, as in saying "Zayd is in the house," "Zayd is with you," "Zayd's father stood up," and "Zayd's house is ruined."
The Shaykh : His slave girl.
The reader: "And 'Zayd's slave girl is going.'"