What is the ruling on the prayer of one who does not know how to recite al-Fatihah, specifically the phrase "and not the astray"?
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The questioner : What is the ruling on the prayer of one who does not know how to recite al-Fatihah in the prayer, especially when he says: ?
The Shaykh : As for saying "and not the oppressors" instead of "and not the astray," meaning replacing the letter ḍād with ḍāʾ, it does not harm; it does not harm. This is because most people do not distinguish between the ḍād and the ḍāʾ. For this reason, the scholars said: "It is not permissible to replace one letter with another in al-Fatihah except for one letter, which is in 'and not the astray'". So he says "and not the oppressors," because if you asked the one who recited "and not the oppressors" what he intended, he would say, "I intend the people of misguidance." Therefore, this is a non-critical error.
nor those who go astray
ولا الضالينThe Shaykh : As for saying "and not the oppressors" instead of "and not the astray," meaning replacing the letter ḍād with ḍāʾ, it does not harm; it does not harm. This is because most people do not distinguish between the ḍād and the ḍāʾ. For this reason, the scholars said: "It is not permissible to replace one letter with another in al-Fatihah except for one letter, which is in 'and not the astray'". So he says "and not the oppressors," because if you asked the one who recited "and not the oppressors" what he intended, he would say, "I intend the people of misguidance." Therefore, this is a non-critical error.