The Discussion on the Positions of Raising with the Waw
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The Shaykh : What are the three positions of the marker of raising?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: In two positions.
The Shaykh : How? In two positions. What do you say, everyone?
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Two positions or three? It is not possible to raise anything other than these two positions with the waw. So, what is the evidence?
The student: Tracking and induction.
The Shaykh : Tracking and induction. And what does tracking and induction mean?
The student: Tracking the speech of the Arabs by the scholars of language.
The Shaykh : Yes, so they did not find anything raised with the waw except these two positions. So, the first one.
The student: The sound masculine plural and the five nouns.
The Shaykh : Well done. The first is the sound masculine plural and the five nouns, and the second.
The student: Two...
The Shaykh : You said the first is the sound masculine plural and the five nouns.
The student: In two positions: the sound masculine plural and the five nouns.
The Shaykh : I said, what is the first one?
The student: The sound masculine plural.
The Shaykh : And the second?
The student: The five nouns.
The Shaykh : Well done, perfect. So, what is the sound masculine plural? Yes, that is right.
The student: It is what indicates more than three, with the singular being sound.
The Shaykh : With the soundness of the singular’s construction. Perfect. In another aspect, another definition. Abdullah.
The student: That it be ... the waw and the nun, or the ya and the nun.
The Shaykh : What is pluralized with a waw and a nun, or a ya and a nun, meaning what whose marker of plurality is the addition of the waw and the nun, or the addition of the ya and the nun. So, its example.
The student: The sound masculine plural.
The Shaykh : Yes, exactly.
The student: The Muslims triumphed.
The Shaykh : The Muslims triumphed. "The Muslims" is a sound masculine plural.
The student: Yes, exactly.
The Shaykh : How? Explain it to us.
The student: The singular "salim" remained when we pluralized it, and we only added to it a waw and a nun.
The Shaykh : So, what is the singular?
The student: Muslim.
The Shaykh : "The Muslim triumphed." Add a waw and a nun.
The student: The Muslims.
The Shaykh : "The Muslims." Perfect, well done. The five nouns. Hidayat Allah, list them.
The student: Your father, your brother, your maternal uncle, your paternal uncle, and the owner of wealth.
The Shaykh : No, "your paternal uncle" is not said by anyone.
The student: Your mouth, your mouth.
The Shaykh : Fine.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : And "the owner of wealth," correct. So, we said "your maternal uncle" (hammuk). Why did we not say "your maternal uncle" (hammuka)?
The student: Because the "hamm" is the relative of the wife. This is added to.
The Shaykh : The relative of the husband.
The student: He is a man who is a relative of the husband.
The Shaykh : A relative of the husbandMuwatta Malik 16:54 meaning the relatives of the husband. He said: So "your maternal uncle" (hammuki) means the relatives of your husband, it is known.
The student: The relatives of the husband.
The Shaykh : The husband without the haa. So, is it a condition, O Isa, for the declension of these five nouns with the waw?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : List them.
The student: That it be magnified and singular, that it be attached (mudaf), that its attachment not be to the first-person singular ya, that it be free from the mīm, and that "dhu" mean "owner."
The Shaykh : Correct, six conditions. So, we need an example in which the conditions are fulfilled. Brother, do not pay attention to you. We need an example to apply the conditions.
The student: I saw your father.
The Shaykh : No, this does not work. This is a different turn from this example.
The student: I visited.
The Shaykh : I visited.
The student: Your brother came.
The Shaykh : Your brother came. Good, correct. Decline it.
The student: "Came" is a past tense verb.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "Your brother" is the subject, raised.
The Shaykh : No, do not say "your brother" as a whole.
The student: "Brother" (Akh).
The Shaykh : "Brother" is the subject, raised. Good.
The student: And it is attached, and the kaff.
The Shaykh : Wait. Raised with what?
The student: With the dammah.
The Shaykh : With the dammah.
The student: With the waw, because it is from the five nouns and it is attached.
The Shaykh : With the waw in place of what? In place of the dammah, because it is.
The student: From the five nouns.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And it is attached, and the kaff is the attached noun.
The Shaykh : Perfect, that is enough. So, decline "Ahmad"[Yusuf 12:94] .
The student: "Said" is a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : How is it a present tense verb?
The student: A past tense verb.
The Shaykh : A past tense verb, built on the fathah. Good.
The student: Their father.
The Shaykh : Their father.
The student: "Father" is the subject. "Their father" is the subject, raised.
The Shaykh : What tells you that it is the subject? What if it were the object?
The student: The subject.
The Shaykh : What informs you that it is the subject?
The student: Because "said" is a verb.
The Shaykh : Fine.
The student: And the verb ... .
The Shaykh : The subject. And what do you say, everyone? Because the speech came from him, so he is the subject. Come on, complete it. "Father" is the subject, raised.
The student: The subject, raised with the waw.
The Shaykh : And its marker of raising.
The student: The waw in place of the dammah.
The Shaykh : Because it is.
The student: Because it is from the five nouns.
The Shaykh : And "father" is attached.
The student: And "father" is attached, and the waw is the attached noun.
The Shaykh : Where is the waw?
The student: And "they" is the attached noun.
The Shaykh : Good. So, yes. If a man says: "My brother said to me," does he say "my brother" (akhiyyi) or "my brothers" (akhiyyuka)?
The student: My brother (akhiyyi).
The Shaykh : "My brother" (akhiyyi) or "my brothers" (akhiyyuka)? You see, some people say "my brothers" (akhiyyuka). Ah, or did they not leave it with the waw? Why? Look at the conditions now. What are the conditions?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No, you do not know the conditions. List them, Isa.
The student: That it must be.
The Shaykh : Because one of the conditions is that it be magnified, and this is diminutive. So, if it is diminutive, how is it declined, O Ahmad? Raised with what?
The student: With the yaa
The Shaykh : If it is diminutive, raised with what?
The student: With a yaa.
The Shaykh : With the ya? This is a dialect ... no one raises with the ya ever. What is this talk? Raised with what?
The student: With the declension of the singular, as passed.
The Shaykh : Well done. With the declension of the singular, as passed. But your brothers do not know "as passed." Give me: raised with what?
The student: With a dammah.
The Shaykh : With the dammah. Perfect. Did you understand, everyone? If it is diminutive, it is raised with the dammah because it is a singular noun, as the brother Hidayat Allah said. So, Allah the Exalted said: This was raised with what?
The student:.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: With a dammah.
The Shaykh : Raised with the dammah, even though "fathers" (aba') is from the five nouns. What condition was not met?
The student: That it is not attached.
The Shaykh : No, no, it is attached. "Your fathers" (aba'ukum) ... "Your fathers" (aba'ukum) with the kaff of address. Even the author brought it with the kaff of address. "Your father" (abuka), yes. Because one of the conditions for its declension with the waw, its raising with the waw, is that it be singular. And this is plural. With what do you raise it? "Your fathers" (aba'ukum), "your fathers" (aba'ukum), with what do you raise it? By Allah, it is strange, O son of Adam. Glory be to Allah. I am reading it to him now: I say to him, with what do you raise it?
The student: With a dammah.
The Shaykh : It is raised with an explicit dammah. It is raised with the dammah. Why was it raised with the dammah? Look at the four. And what does it include? Yes, that is right.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Because it is a broken plural. Correct. And the broken plural is raised with what? With the dammah. In four positions, one of which is the broken plural. Got it now. So, a poet said:
"For the water is the water of my father and my grandfather, *** And my well is the one I dug and the one I covered"
And what do you say about "dhu" (the owner)? Is it from the five nouns?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because it is not in the meaning of "owner."
The Shaykh : Because it is not in the meaning of "owner." Well done. So, for this reason, it is not declined like the five nouns. So,[Al-Baqarah 2:105] [Al-Baqarah 2:105] What do you say about it?
The student: This is from the five nouns.
The Shaykh : So, raised with what?
The student: With the waw.
The Shaykh : With the waw, because the conditions in it.
The student: Complete.
The Shaykh : Are complete. Perfect. Decline[Al-Baqarah 2:105].
The student: Allah is the subject.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: The Name of Glory is the subject, raised with the dammah.
The Shaykh : "Dhu" (the owner).
The student: Allah, the owner of favor, is the predicate.
The Shaykh : "Dhu" is the predicate, the predicate of the subject.
The student: The subject, raised with the waw.
The Shaykh : With the waw, what?
The student: In place of the dammah.
The Shaykh : Because it is.
The student: From the five nouns.
The Shaykh : Okay.
The student: "Dhu" is attached, and "favor" is the attached noun.
The Shaykh : Correct. So, a man says: "This is your mouth." Brother, no. Yes, that is right.
The student: It is not from the five nouns.
The Shaykh : Why is it not raised with the waw? It is from the five nouns, O Shaykh. It is from the five nouns. But why was it not raised with the waw?
The student: The five nouns ... .
The Shaykh : Is it a condition of the five nouns, or a condition for raising the five nouns with the waw? Which one?
The student: A condition for raising the five nouns with the waw.
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed
The student: That "your mouth" (fawka) be free from the mīm.
The Shaykh : Free from the mīm. And here it has the mīm. So, with what do we raise it?
The student: With a dammah.
The Shaykh : With the dammah. Why?
The student: Because it is singular.
The Shaykh : Because it is a noun, a singular noun. Correct, everyone? So.
The author. Why did he come with the marker of the waw after the marker of the dammah, even though the markers of raising are four markers? Yes.
The student: Because the dammah, when it is expanded, becomes a waw.
The Shaykh : It became a waw. Well done. So, for this reason, he came with the waw after the dammah, because it is what? When it is expanded, it becomes a waw. So, decline, O Bukhari: "Your father is behind you." Come on.
The student: "Father" ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, leave it. Maybe we have not reached the subject. We have not reached it. "Your father sat behind you."
The student: "Sat."
The Shaykh : "Sat." Sitting. And what is it? Eating or drinking or an action?
The student: A verb.
The Shaykh : So, "sat" is past or future?
The student: Past.
The Shaykh : Past. "Sat" is a past tense verb.
The student: "Your father" is the subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Raised and its sign of raising is the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : How?
The student: Raised, and its marker of raising is the waw in place of the dammah, and the kaff.
The Shaykh : Because it is.
The student: Because it is from the five nouns.
The Shaykh : So, "father" is attached.
The student: And the kaff is the attached noun.
The Shaykh : The attached noun. Correct, is this right? So, come on, O Hasan: "Two fathers came to me." Leave the nun and the ya. "Two fathers came."
The student: "Came" is a past tense verb, built on the explicit fathah on its end, and "two fathers" (abawani) is the subject, raised. Its marker of raising is the alif in place of the dammah, because it is dual and not from the five nouns.
The Shaykh : How is it from the nouns? "Father" is from the five nouns? "Father" is from the five nouns.
The student: No...
The Shaykh : Say, and it is not raised with the waw because it has lost its condition. What is the condition?
The student: It is being singular.
The Shaykh : That it be singular, meaning this. And this, is it a correct dual, everyone? Good.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: In two positions.
The Shaykh : How? In two positions. What do you say, everyone?
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Two positions or three? It is not possible to raise anything other than these two positions with the waw. So, what is the evidence?
The student: Tracking and induction.
The Shaykh : Tracking and induction. And what does tracking and induction mean?
The student: Tracking the speech of the Arabs by the scholars of language.
The Shaykh : Yes, so they did not find anything raised with the waw except these two positions. So, the first one.
The student: The sound masculine plural and the five nouns.
The Shaykh : Well done. The first is the sound masculine plural and the five nouns, and the second.
The student: Two...
The Shaykh : You said the first is the sound masculine plural and the five nouns.
The student: In two positions: the sound masculine plural and the five nouns.
The Shaykh : I said, what is the first one?
The student: The sound masculine plural.
The Shaykh : And the second?
The student: The five nouns.
The Shaykh : Well done, perfect. So, what is the sound masculine plural? Yes, that is right.
The student: It is what indicates more than three, with the singular being sound.
The Shaykh : With the soundness of the singular’s construction. Perfect. In another aspect, another definition. Abdullah.
The student: That it be ... the waw and the nun, or the ya and the nun.
The Shaykh : What is pluralized with a waw and a nun, or a ya and a nun, meaning what whose marker of plurality is the addition of the waw and the nun, or the addition of the ya and the nun. So, its example.
The student: The sound masculine plural.
The Shaykh : Yes, exactly.
The student: The Muslims triumphed.
The Shaykh : The Muslims triumphed. "The Muslims" is a sound masculine plural.
The student: Yes, exactly.
The Shaykh : How? Explain it to us.
The student: The singular "salim" remained when we pluralized it, and we only added to it a waw and a nun.
The Shaykh : So, what is the singular?
The student: Muslim.
The Shaykh : "The Muslim triumphed." Add a waw and a nun.
The student: The Muslims.
The Shaykh : "The Muslims." Perfect, well done. The five nouns. Hidayat Allah, list them.
The student: Your father, your brother, your maternal uncle, your paternal uncle, and the owner of wealth.
The Shaykh : No, "your paternal uncle" is not said by anyone.
The student: Your mouth, your mouth.
The Shaykh : Fine.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : And "the owner of wealth," correct. So, we said "your maternal uncle" (hammuk). Why did we not say "your maternal uncle" (hammuka)?
The student: Because the "hamm" is the relative of the wife. This is added to.
The Shaykh : The relative of the husband.
The student: He is a man who is a relative of the husband.
The Shaykh : A relative of the husband
Messenger of Allah
قالوا يا رسول الله : أرأيت الحموThe relative is death
الحمو الموتThe student: The relatives of the husband.
The Shaykh : The husband without the haa. So, is it a condition, O Isa, for the declension of these five nouns with the waw?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : List them.
The student: That it be magnified and singular, that it be attached (mudaf), that its attachment not be to the first-person singular ya, that it be free from the mīm, and that "dhu" mean "owner."
The Shaykh : Correct, six conditions. So, we need an example in which the conditions are fulfilled. Brother, do not pay attention to you. We need an example to apply the conditions.
The student: I saw your father.
The Shaykh : No, this does not work. This is a different turn from this example.
The student: I visited.
The Shaykh : I visited.
The student: Your brother came.
The Shaykh : Your brother came. Good, correct. Decline it.
The student: "Came" is a past tense verb.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "Your brother" is the subject, raised.
The Shaykh : No, do not say "your brother" as a whole.
The student: "Brother" (Akh).
The Shaykh : "Brother" is the subject, raised. Good.
The student: And it is attached, and the kaff.
The Shaykh : Wait. Raised with what?
The student: With the dammah.
The Shaykh : With the dammah.
The student: With the waw, because it is from the five nouns and it is attached.
The Shaykh : With the waw in place of what? In place of the dammah, because it is.
The student: From the five nouns.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And it is attached, and the kaff is the attached noun.
The Shaykh : Perfect, that is enough. So, decline "Ahmad"
And when the caravan departed [from Egypt], their father said
ولما فصلت العير قال أبوهمTheir father said
قال أبوهمThe student: "Said" is a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : How is it a present tense verb?
The student: A past tense verb.
The Shaykh : A past tense verb, built on the fathah. Good.
The student: Their father.
The Shaykh : Their father.
The student: "Father" is the subject. "Their father" is the subject, raised.
The Shaykh : What tells you that it is the subject? What if it were the object?
The student: The subject.
The Shaykh : What informs you that it is the subject?
The student: Because "said" is a verb.
The Shaykh : Fine.
The student: And the verb ... .
The Shaykh : The subject. And what do you say, everyone? Because the speech came from him, so he is the subject. Come on, complete it. "Father" is the subject, raised.
The student: The subject, raised with the waw.
The Shaykh : And its marker of raising.
The student: The waw in place of the dammah.
The Shaykh : Because it is.
The student: Because it is from the five nouns.
The Shaykh : And "father" is attached.
The student: And "father" is attached, and the waw is the attached noun.
The Shaykh : Where is the waw?
The student: And "they" is the attached noun.
The Shaykh : Good. So, yes. If a man says: "My brother said to me," does he say "my brother" (akhiyyi) or "my brothers" (akhiyyuka)?
The student: My brother (akhiyyi).
The Shaykh : "My brother" (akhiyyi) or "my brothers" (akhiyyuka)? You see, some people say "my brothers" (akhiyyuka). Ah, or did they not leave it with the waw? Why? Look at the conditions now. What are the conditions?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No, you do not know the conditions. List them, Isa.
The student: That it must be.
The Shaykh : Because one of the conditions is that it be magnified, and this is diminutive. So, if it is diminutive, how is it declined, O Ahmad? Raised with what?
The student: With the yaa
The Shaykh : If it is diminutive, raised with what?
The student: With a yaa.
The Shaykh : With the ya? This is a dialect ... no one raises with the ya ever. What is this talk? Raised with what?
The student: With the declension of the singular, as passed.
The Shaykh : Well done. With the declension of the singular, as passed. But your brothers do not know "as passed." Give me: raised with what?
The student: With a dammah.
The Shaykh : With the dammah. Perfect. Did you understand, everyone? If it is diminutive, it is raised with the dammah because it is a singular noun, as the brother Hidayat Allah said. So, Allah the Exalted said:
You and your fathers
أنتم وآباؤكمYou and your fathers
أنتم وآباؤكمThe student:
You and your fathers
أنتم وآباؤكمThe Shaykh : Yes.
The student: With a dammah.
The Shaykh : Raised with the dammah, even though "fathers" (aba') is from the five nouns. What condition was not met?
The student: That it is not attached.
The Shaykh : No, no, it is attached. "Your fathers" (aba'ukum) ... "Your fathers" (aba'ukum) with the kaff of address. Even the author brought it with the kaff of address. "Your father" (abuka), yes. Because one of the conditions for its declension with the waw, its raising with the waw, is that it be singular. And this is plural. With what do you raise it? "Your fathers" (aba'ukum), "your fathers" (aba'ukum), with what do you raise it? By Allah, it is strange, O son of Adam. Glory be to Allah. I am reading it to him now:
You and your fathers
أنتم وآباؤكمThe student: With a dammah.
The Shaykh : It is raised with an explicit dammah. It is raised with the dammah. Why was it raised with the dammah? Look at the four. And what does it include? Yes, that is right.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Because it is a broken plural. Correct. And the broken plural is raised with what? With the dammah. In four positions, one of which is the broken plural. Got it now. So, a poet said:
"For the water is the water of my father and my grandfather, *** And my well is the one I dug and the one I covered"
And what do you say about "dhu" (the owner)? Is it from the five nouns?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because it is not in the meaning of "owner."
The Shaykh : Because it is not in the meaning of "owner." Well done. So, for this reason, it is not declined like the five nouns. So,
and Allah is the possessor of great bounty.
والله ذو الفضل العظيمand Allah is the possessor
والله ذو الفضلThe student: This is from the five nouns.
The Shaykh : So, raised with what?
The student: With the waw.
The Shaykh : With the waw, because the conditions in it.
The student: Complete.
The Shaykh : Are complete. Perfect. Decline
and Allah is the possessor of great bounty.
والله ذو الفضل العظيمThe student: Allah is the subject.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: The Name of Glory is the subject, raised with the dammah.
The Shaykh : "Dhu" (the owner).
The student: Allah, the owner of favor, is the predicate.
The Shaykh : "Dhu" is the predicate, the predicate of the subject.
The student: The subject, raised with the waw.
The Shaykh : With the waw, what?
The student: In place of the dammah.
The Shaykh : Because it is.
The student: From the five nouns.
The Shaykh : Okay.
The student: "Dhu" is attached, and "favor" is the attached noun.
The Shaykh : Correct. So, a man says: "This is your mouth." Brother, no. Yes, that is right.
The student: It is not from the five nouns.
The Shaykh : Why is it not raised with the waw? It is from the five nouns, O Shaykh. It is from the five nouns. But why was it not raised with the waw?
The student: The five nouns ... .
The Shaykh : Is it a condition of the five nouns, or a condition for raising the five nouns with the waw? Which one?
The student: A condition for raising the five nouns with the waw.
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed
The student: That "your mouth" (fawka) be free from the mīm.
The Shaykh : Free from the mīm. And here it has the mīm. So, with what do we raise it?
The student: With a dammah.
The Shaykh : With the dammah. Why?
The student: Because it is singular.
The Shaykh : Because it is a noun, a singular noun. Correct, everyone? So.
The author. Why did he come with the marker of the waw after the marker of the dammah, even though the markers of raising are four markers? Yes.
The student: Because the dammah, when it is expanded, becomes a waw.
The Shaykh : It became a waw. Well done. So, for this reason, he came with the waw after the dammah, because it is what? When it is expanded, it becomes a waw. So, decline, O Bukhari: "Your father is behind you." Come on.
The student: "Father" ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, leave it. Maybe we have not reached the subject. We have not reached it. "Your father sat behind you."
The student: "Sat."
The Shaykh : "Sat." Sitting. And what is it? Eating or drinking or an action?
The student: A verb.
The Shaykh : So, "sat" is past or future?
The student: Past.
The Shaykh : Past. "Sat" is a past tense verb.
The student: "Your father" is the subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Raised and its sign of raising is the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : How?
The student: Raised, and its marker of raising is the waw in place of the dammah, and the kaff.
The Shaykh : Because it is.
The student: Because it is from the five nouns.
The Shaykh : So, "father" is attached.
The student: And the kaff is the attached noun.
The Shaykh : The attached noun. Correct, is this right? So, come on, O Hasan: "Two fathers came to me." Leave the nun and the ya. "Two fathers came."
The student: "Came" is a past tense verb, built on the explicit fathah on its end, and "two fathers" (abawani) is the subject, raised. Its marker of raising is the alif in place of the dammah, because it is dual and not from the five nouns.
The Shaykh : How is it from the nouns? "Father" is from the five nouns? "Father" is from the five nouns.
The student: No...
The Shaykh : Say, and it is not raised with the waw because it has lost its condition. What is the condition?
The student: It is being singular.
The Shaykh : That it be singular, meaning this. And this, is it a correct dual, everyone? Good.